As RAM crisis deepens, MIT engineers build working computer circuits using bacteria

');background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center}.itg-subs-btn.jsx-5046b0bda8327da4{border:1px solid rgba(220,224,229,1);padding:12px 18px;-webkit-border-radius:8px;-moz-border-radius:8px;border-radius:8px;outline:0;cursor:pointer;font-family:var(--roboto-flex);font-weight:400;font-size:14px;line-height:1;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;background-color:transparent}.itg-subs-btn-group.jsx-5046b0bda8327da4{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-moz-box-pack:justify;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:15px}.itg-subs-btn.fill.jsx-5046b0bda8327da4{color:#fff;border:0px;-webkit-transition:background-color.4s;-moz-transition:background-color.4s;-o-transition:background-color.4s;transition:background-color.4s}.itg-subs-close-button.jsx-5046b0bda8327da4 svg path{-webkit-transition:fill.3s;-moz-transition:fill.3s;-o-transition:fill.3s;transition:fill.3s}.itg-subs-close-button.jsx-5046b0bda8327da4:hover svg path{fill:#000}@media(max-width:553px){.itg-subs-btn.jsx-5046b0bda8327da4{-webkit-box-flex:0;-webkit-flex:0 0 100%;-moz-box-flex:0;-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;width:100%}.itg-subs-btn-group.jsx-5046b0bda8327da4{-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:reverse;-webkit-flex-direction:column-reverse;-moz-box-orient:vertical;-moz-box-direction:reverse;-ms-flex-direction:column-reverse;flex-direction:column-reverse}}.buzz-section{margin:30px 0}.buzz-section>*{margin-bottom:15px}.buzz-section h2{font-size:21px;font-size:1.3125rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}.buzz-section h2 span{background:#c00;color:#fff;width:24px;height:24px;display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;line-height:24px;text-align:center;-webkit-border-radius:100%;-moz-border-radius:100%;border-radius:100%;margin:0px 12px 0 0}.buzz-section .buzz-discription{margin-top:15px}.buzz-section .buzz-img img{width:100%}.buzz-section .image-alt:empty{border:0;padding:0}.buzz-section .image-alt{color:#929292;font-size:13px;font-size:.8125rem;padding:0 0 10px;border-bottom:1px solid#e5e5e5}.buzz-section .photoby{background:#000;color:#aeaeae;font-family:OpenSans-Regular;padding:5px;margin-top:-15px}.buzz-section .photoby:empty{background:0 0;margin-bottom:0}@media only screen and (min-width:769px){.buzz-section h2{font-size:34px;font-size:2.125rem}.buzz-section h2 span{width:32px;height:32px;font-size:24px;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:32px}}@media only screen and (min-width:769px){.buzz-section h2{line-height:42px}}.factoids-page{display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;width:100%;margin:0px 0 15px}.factoids-page .fun-facts{display:block}.factoids-page .fun-facts h2{display:inline;padding-left:0}.story-section .description h2{font-size:25px;font-family:OpenSans-Bold;line-height:34px;font-weight:700}.description .factoids-slider{margin-bottom:var(--widgetgap)}.description .factoids-slider ul{background:#a00606;padding:0;padding-left:0!important;list-style:none}.description .factoids-slider ul li{padding:20px 0;font-size:15px;line-height:24px;color:#fff;margin-bottom:0;list-style:none}.description .factoids-slider ul li:before{display:none}.description .factoids-slider ul li span{margin:0 25px;display:block}.description .factoids-slider ul li:nth-child(odd){background:#a00606}.description .factoids-slider ul li:nth-child(even){background:#000}.nquotes{width:100%;margin-bottom:var(--storyparagap)}.nquotes .quotes__container{border:1px solid var(--widgetbordercolor);background-color:#fffaea;padding:50px 10px 15px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-border-radius:10px;-moz-border-radius:10px;border-radius:10px}.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__photo{margin-right:var(--magrin15);-webkit-flex-basis:80px;-ms-flex-preferred-size:80px;flex-basis:80px;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0}.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__photo:empty,.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__content .quoter__info .quotername:empty,.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__content .quoter__info .quoterdesignation:empty{display:none}.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__photo img{-webkit-border-radius:100%;-moz-border-radius:100%;border-radius:100%;border:1px solid var(--widgetbordercolor);height:auto}.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__photo .itgimage{margin-bottom:0}.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__photo .itgimage:hover:after{display:none}.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__content{position:relative;width:100%}.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__content .quotes__text{font-size:18px;line-height:24px;color:#1a1d24;font-weight:500}.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__content .quoter__info{text-align:right;padding-top:15px}.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__content .quoter__info .quotername{font-size:14px;line-height:20px;font-weight:500;color:var(--textcolor666);font-style:italic}.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__content .quoter__info .quotername:before{content:"-";padding-right:5px}.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__content .quoter__info .quoterdesignation{font-size:14px;line-height:20px;font-weight:400;color:var(--textcolor666);font-style:italic}.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__content:before{content:"";display:block;background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);width:33px;height:24px;position:absolute;top:-35px;left:0}.section__technology .quotes blockquote,.section__technology .quotes b{color:var(--theme2primarytextcolor)}@media(min-width:1025px){.nquotes{max-width:500px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.nquotes .quotes__container{padding:46px 20px 20px}.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__photo{margin-right:20px}.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__content .quotes__text{font-size:24px;line-height:28px}.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__content .quoter__info{padding-top:20px}.nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__content:before{top:-30px}}.section__technology .nquotes .quotes__container{background:var(--catbrandcolor)}.section__technology .nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__content .quotes__text,.section__technology .nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__content .quoter__info .quotername,.section__technology .nquotes .quotes__container .quotes__content .quoter__info .quoterdesignation{color:var(--theme2primarytextcolor)}.quotes{border:1px solid var(--widgetbordercolor);background:#fffaea;padding:50px 10px 15px;-webkit-border-radius:10px;-moz-border-radius:10px;border-radius:10px;width:100%;margin-bottom:var(--storyparagap)}.quotes blockquote,.quotes b{font-size:18px;line-height:24px;color:#1a1d24;font-weight:500;position:relative}.quotes blockquote:before,.quotes b:before{content:"";display:block;background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);width:33px;height:24px;position:absolute;top:-35px;left:0}.quotes .author{font-size:14px;line-height:20px;font-weight:500;color:var(--textcolor666);font-style:italic;padding-top:15px}.quotes .author:nth-last-child(1){display:none}@media(min-width:1025px){.quotes{padding:46px 20px 20px;max-width:500px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.quotes blockquote{font-size:24px;line-height:28px}.quotes .author{padding-top:20px}.quotes blockquote:before{top:-30px}}.left-image,.pron-cons-img{display:none}#reviewcontainer,.tech-pros-cons-main{background:var(--catbrandcolor);color:var(--theme2primarytextcolor);-webkit-border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;border-radius:5px;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:var(--storyparagap)}.techreview>h2,.tech-pros-cons-main>h2{background-color:#000;-webkit-border-radius:5px 5px 0 0;-moz-border-radius:5px 5px 0 0;border-radius:5px 5px 0 0;padding:12px 121px 12px 10px;position:relative;font-size:20px;line-height:24px}.techreview>h2 .rating,.tech-pros-cons-main>h2 strong{position:absolute;width:106px;height:62px;background:#fff108;color:#000;top:0;right:0;-webkit-border-radius:0 4px 0 15px;-moz-border-radius:0 4px 0 15px;border-radius:0 4px 0 15px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 3px 6px#00000029;-moz-box-shadow:0 3px 6px#00000029;box-shadow:0 3px 6px#00000029;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-moz-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;font-size:24px;font-weight:500}.reviewCons h2,.reviewPro h2,.tech-pros li:nth-child(1),.tech-cons li:nth-child(1){color:#fff108;font-size:24px;line-height:24px;font-style:italic;font-weight:500;margin-bottom:10px;list-style:none;text-transform:uppercase}.tech-pros li:nth-child(1)::before,.tech-cons li:nth-child(1)::before{display:none}.reviewCons,.reviewPro,.tech-pros,.tech-cons{padding:20px 0;margin:0 20px;list-style:none}.reviewPro,.tech-pros{border-bottom:1px solid#ffffff50}.reviewCons ul,.reviewPro ul{list-style:none}.reviewCons ul li,.reviewPro ul li,.tech-pros li,.tech-cons li{font-size:16px;line-height:24px;padding-left:15px;position:relative}.reviewCons ul li:not(:last-child),.reviewPro ul li:not(:last-child),.tech-pros li:not(:last-child),.tech-cons li:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:5px}.tech-pros li:not(:first-child),.tech-cons li:not(:first-child){margin-left:15px}.reviewCons ul li:before,.reviewPro ul li:before,.tech-pros li:before,.tech-cons li:before{content:"";width:5px;height:5px;background:#fff108;-webkit-border-radius:100%;-moz-border-radius:100%;border-radius:100%;display:block;position:absolute;top:10px;left:0}@media(min-width:1025px){.techreview>h2,.tech-pros-cons-main>h2{padding:12px 151px 12px 20px;font-size:24px;line-height:26px}.techreview>h2 .rating,.tech-pros-cons-main>h2 strong{font-size:30px;width:136px}.reviewCons,.reviewPro,.tech-pros,.tech-cons{width:50%;float:left;margin:20px 0;padding:0 20px}.reviewPro,.tech-pros{padding-right:40px}.reviewCons,.tech-cons{padding-left:40px}.reviewPro,.tech-pros{border-right:1px solid#ffffff50;border-bottom:0}}.productreview__widget{background:var(--catbrandcolor);color:var(--theme2primarytextcolor);-webkit-border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;border-radius:5px}.productreview__widget .review__head{background-color:#000;-webkit-border-radius:5px 5px 0 0;-moz-border-radius:5px 5px 0 0;border-radius:5px 5px 0 0;padding:12px 10px;position:relative}.productreview__widget .review__head h2{font-size:20px;line-height:24px}.productreview__widget .review__head .prod__rating{position:absolute;width:106px;height:62px;background:#fff108;color:#000;top:0;right:0;-webkit-border-radius:0 4px 0 15px;-moz-border-radius:0 4px 0 15px;border-radius:0 4px 0 15px;-webkit-box-shadow:0px 3px 6px#00000029;-moz-box-shadow:0px 3px 6px#00000029;box-shadow:0px 3px 6px#00000029;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-moz-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;font-size:24px;font-weight:500}.productreview__widget .review__content{padding:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-moz-box-orient:vertical;-moz-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column}.productreview__widget .review__content h4{color:#fff108;font-size:24px;line-height:24px;font-style:italic;font-weight:500;margin-bottom:10px}.productreview__widget .review__content .review__points{-webkit-flex-basis:100%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;padding:20px;position:relative}.productreview__widget .review__content .review__points:nth-child(1)::after{content:"";width:90%;height:1px;background:#ffffff50;position:absolute;bottom:0px;display:block}.productreview__widget .review__content ul{list-style:none}.productreview__widget .review__content ul li{font-size:16px;line-height:24px;padding-left:15px;position:relative}.productreview__widget .review__content ul li:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:5px}.productreview__widget .review__content ul li:before{content:"";width:5px;height:5px;background:#fff108;-webkit-border-radius:100%;-moz-border-radius:100%;border-radius:100%;display:block;position:absolute;top:10px;left:0}@media(min-width:1025px){.productreview__widget .review__head{padding:12px 20px}.productreview__widget .review__head h2{font-size:24px;line-height:24px}.productreview__widget .review__head .prod__rating{font-size:30px;width:136px}.productreview__widget .review__content{-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-moz-box-orient:horizontal;-moz-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;padding:20px 0}.productreview__widget .review__content .review__points{-webkit-flex-basis:50%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:50%;flex-basis:50%;padding:0 20px}.productreview__widget .review__content .review__points:nth-child(1){border-right:1px solid#ffffff50;padding-right:40px}.productreview__widget .review__content .review__points:nth-child(1)::after{display:none}.productreview__widget .review__content .review__points:nth-child(2){padding-left:40px}}.poductphotoby__widget{background:var(--catbrandcolor);padding:15px 10px;-webkit-border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;border-radius:5px}.poductphotoby__widget .photoby__title:empty{display:none}.poductphotoby__widget .photoby__title{font-size:16px;font-weight:500;color:#fff;padding-bottom:10px}.poductphotoby__widget .photo__list ul{list-style:none;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(135px,1fr));grid-gap:10px}.poductphotoby__widget .photo__list ul li:nth-of-type(n+7){display:none}.poductphotoby__widget .photo__list ul li .itgimage:hover:after{display:none}.poductphotoby__widget .photo__list ul li .itgimage{margin-bottom:0}.poductphotoby__widget .photo__list ul li img{min-width:auto;border:1px solid#707070;-webkit-border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;border-radius:5px;width:100%}@media(min-width:1025px){.poductphotoby__widget{padding:15px 20px 20px}.poductphotoby__widget .photo__list ul{grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(172px,1fr))}}.tech-photos{margin-bottom:var(--storyparagap)}.tech-photos .tech-photos-head-section{display:block}.tech-photos .tech-photos-head-section .tech-photo-head{font-size:20px;line-height:26px;margin-bottom:10px;font-weight:600}.tech-photos .tech-photos-head-section span{color:#b5b5b5;font-size:14px;margin-bottom:10px;display:block}.tech-photos .tech-photos-head-section span:after{content:"Photo";padding-left:3px}.tech-photos .tech-photo-item{width:23%;display:inline-block;margin-right:2%;position:relative;-webkit-box-shadow:-2px 2px 4px 0#ddd;-moz-box-shadow:-2px 2px 4px 0#ddd;box-shadow:-2px 2px 4px 0#ddd;border:1px solid#ddd;padding:.5%}.tech-photos .tech-photo-item .tech-photo-overlay{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;text-align:center;color:#fff;background:rgba(0,0,0,.5);width:100%;height:100%}.tech-photos .tech-photo-item .tech-photo-overlay a span{position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);-moz-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);-o-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);transform:translate(-50%,-50%);line-height:22px}.tech-photos .tech-photo-item .tech-photo-overlay a,.tech-photos .tech-photo-item .tech-photo-overlay a span:hover{color:#fff;text-decoration:underline}.tech-photos .tech-photo-item:nth-last-child(1){margin-right:0px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.tech-photos .tech-photo-item .tech-photo-overlay a span{line-height:18px;font-size:15px}.tech-photos .tech-photo-item{width:48%;margin-bottom:2%;margin-right:2%}}.tech-photos .tech-photo-item .itgimage{margin-bottom:0px}.tech-photos .tech-photo-item .itgimage img{-webkit-border-radius:0;-moz-border-radius:0;border-radius:0}.tech-photos .tech-photo-item .itgimage:hover:after{display:none}.react-images__dialog{position:relative}.image-gallery-fullscreen-button,.image-gallery-play-button{display:none}.photomodel__close{border:unset;background:unset;color:#fff;font-size:30px;position:fixed;right:5px;top:5px;cursor:pointer}.image-gallery-content .image-gallery-slide .image-gallery-image{border:3px solid#ccc;-webkit-border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px}@media(min-width:1024px){.react-images__dialog{position:static}.photomodel__close{right:50px;top:25px}}.fullscreen .react-images__blanket.css-16jr3vd,.fullscreen .react-images__blanket{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.95)}.image-gallery-content .image-gallery-slide .image-gallery-image{border:0px}.image-gallery-left-nav .image-gallery-svg,.image-gallery-right-nav .image-gallery-svg{height:25px;width:25px;stroke:#333;stroke-width:2.4}.image-gallery-left-nav,.image-gallery-right-nav{padding:0px;width:35px;height:35px;background:#d5d5d5;-webkit-border-radius:100%;-moz-border-radius:100%;border-radius:100%}.image-gallery-thumbnail .image-gallery-thumbnail-inner{cursor:pointer}.image-gallery-left-nav{left:-10%}.image-gallery-right-nav{right:-10%}.image-gallery-thumbnail{-webkit-border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px}.image-gallery-thumbnail .image-gallery-thumbnail-image{-webkit-border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px}.image-gallery-thumbnail.active,.image-gallery-thumbnail:focus{border:2px solid#b4b4b4;-webkit-border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;border-radius:5px}.image-gallery-bullets{bottom:-40px}.image-gallery-bullets .image-gallery-bullet{padding:3px;background:#4d4d4d;border:0px}.image-gallery-bullets .image-gallery-bullet.active{-webkit-transform:scale(1);-moz-transform:scale(1);-ms-transform:scale(1);-o-transform:scale(1);transform:scale(1);border:0px}@media(hover:hover)and (pointer:fine){.image-gallery-thumbnail:hover{outline:none;border:2px solid#b4b4b4;-webkit-border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;border-radius:5px}.image-gallery-bullets .image-gallery-bullet:hover{-webkit-transform:scale(1);-moz-transform:scale(1);-ms-transform:scale(1);-o-transform:scale(1);transform:scale(1);border:0px;background:#fff}}.story__recommended__chunk .recommended__story a{-webkit-box-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:flex-start;-moz-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start}.mainfooter{-webkit-box-shadow:1px -5px 3px#0000000d;-moz-box-shadow:1px -5px 3px#0000000d;box-shadow:1px -5px 3px#0000000d;border:1px solid#e2e2e2;margin-top:5px;padding-top:15px;background-color:var(--whitebg);padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;padding-bottom:65px}.mainfooter .footer_header{padding-bottom:10px;border-bottom:5px solid#f2f2f2;margin-bottom:10px}.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow{display:-ms-grid;display:grid;-ms-grid-columns:1fr;grid-template-columns:1fr;-webkit-column-gap:15px;-moz-column-gap:15px;column-gap:15px}.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer{display:-ms-grid;display:grid;-ms-grid-columns:1fr 10px 1fr;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;-webkit-column-gap:10px;-moz-column-gap:10px;column-gap:10px}.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer.first .list:nth-child(1){-ms-grid-column:1;-ms-grid-column-span:2;grid-column:1/3}.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer.second .list:nth-child(1),.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer.second .list:nth-child(6),.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer.second .list:nth-child(7){-ms-grid-column:1;-ms-grid-column-span:2;grid-column:1/3}.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer.third .list:nth-child(1),.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer.third .list:nth-child(2){-ms-grid-column:1;-ms-grid-column-span:2;grid-column:1/3}.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer .list{border-bottom:1px solid#e2e2e2;padding-bottom:5px;margin-bottom:10px}.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer.third .list:last-child{border-bottom:0px}.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer .list ul{display:-ms-grid;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(144px,1fr));grid-gap:0 10px}.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer h3{font-size:16px;line-height:28px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--primarytextcolor);font-weight:400;position:relative;margin-bottom:5px}.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer h3:after{content:"";position:absolute;width:20px;height:2px;background-color:var(--brandbgcolor);bottom:0;left:0}.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer ul{list-style:none}.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer ul li a{font-size:14px;line-height:30px;color:#747474}.bootom__footernav,.copyright{background-color:#f2f2f2;margin:0 -10px;padding:0 10px}.bootom__footernav ul{list-style:none;display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;-moz-box-pack:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;padding-top:10px}.bootom__footernav ul li a{font-size:14px;font-weight:400;padding:0 10px 10px 0px;display:block}.copyright{text-align:center;font-size:14px;color:#6e6e6e;padding:15px 5px;border-top:2px solid#e3e3e3;line-height:1.3}.footer__socialshare{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;align-items:center;margin-top:15px}.footer__socialshare>*{margin-right:15px}.footer__socialshare .sharetitle{min-height:30px;line-height:30px;white-space:nowrap}.footer__socialshare a{display:block;width:30px;height:30px;-webkit-flex-basis:30px;-ms-flex-preferred-size:30px;flex-basis:30px;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0}.expendfooter__nav{width:40px;height:30px;display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:end;-ms-flex-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;-moz-box-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;margin-left:10px;cursor:pointer;-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex:1 0 0;-moz-box-flex:1;-ms-flex:1 0 0px;flex:1 0 0}.mainfooter .expendfooter__nav svg{-webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);-ms-transform:rotate(180deg);-moz-transform:rotate(180deg);-o-transform:rotate(180deg);transform:rotate(180deg)}.mainfooter.is__expend .expendfooter__nav svg{-webkit-transform:rotate(0deg);-ms-transform:rotate(0deg);-moz-transform:rotate(0deg);-o-transform:rotate(0deg);transform:rotate(0deg)}.mainfooter.is__expend .footer_header{border-bottom:0;margin-bottom:0px}.mainfooter.is__expend .footer__ad,.mainfooter.is__expend .navfooter{opacity:0;height:0px;display:none}.mainfooter .footer__ad{margin-left:-10px;margin-right:-10px}@media(min-width:1025px){.mainfooter{padding-right:0;padding-left:0;padding-bottom:0px}.mainfooter .footer_header{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-ms-flex-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-moz-box-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;align-items:center}.footer__socialshare{margin-top:0}.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow{-ms-grid-columns:1fr 15px 1fr 15px 1fr;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 1fr;-webkit-column-gap:15px;-moz-column-gap:15px;column-gap:15px}.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer .list:nth-last-child(1),.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer.first .list:nth-last-child(2),.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer.second .list:nth-last-child(2){border-bottom:0;margin-bottom:0}.mainfooter .navfooter .navrow .listcontainer .list:last-child{border-bottom:0px}.bootom__footernav ul{padding-top:15px}.bootom__footernav ul li a{padding-bottom:15px}.bootom__footernav,.copyright{margin:0}.mainfooter .footer__ad{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}}.downloadapp__section .temp__container{border-top:2px solid#f2f2f2;padding:10px 0 10px}.downloadapp__section .temp__container .h4{text-align:center;font-weight:normal;color:#707070;padding-bottom:10px;font-size:12px;text-transform:uppercase}.storelist{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-moz-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap}.storelist a{margin-bottom:10px}.storelist a:not(:last-child){margin-right:10px}.downloadapp__section .storelist img{height:40px}@media(max-width:340px){.footer__socialshare>*{margin-right:10px}}.rec-sl-inner_latest p>a{color:#fff!important;text-decoration:none!important}.story__content__body .description>ul>li a{color:var(--linkcolor);text-decoration:underline}.section__hottest .lhs__section p{padding:10px 0}.pagenode__2359050 .main__content{padding:0 10px}.SubscribeBtn_link__sub__pkr7P .SubscribeBtn_navitem__f0Lj5 svg{width:22px}#main.b{font-weight:normal}@media(min-width:1025px){.PhoneWidgetCarousel_phCarousel__widget__ngBME .PhoneWidgetCarousel_carousel__nav__L141I .PhoneWidgetCarousel_navbutn__k5htF{left:auto;right:auto}.PhoneWidgetCarousel_phCarousel__widget__ngBME .PhoneWidgetCarousel_carousel__nav__L141I{right:0px}}.menulink{width:-webkit-calc(100% - 12px);width:-moz-calc(100% - 12px);width:calc(100% - 12px)}.navigation .nav__container .main__nav ul li a[title="TV"]{text-transform:uppercase}.pointer-para #checktheseout3{display:none}.footer_info{margin-bottom:11px;border-bottom:1px solid#e2e2e2;padding-bottom:15px}.headingicon{font-size:15px;font-weight:600;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--primarytextcolor);padding-left:17px;background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='12' height='11' viewBox='0 0 12 11'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23e3001b' d='M344.974,430.608a16.732,16.732,0,0,1,10.71-2.439.261.261,0,0,1,.233.26c.115,4.944-2.28,8.018-5,10.481-.094.075-.262.224-.43.035l-6.516-7.4a.213.213,0,0,1,.047-.318c.113-.093.956-.617.956-.616' transform='translate(-343.921 -428.037)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:0;margin-bottom:15px;min-height:25px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}.footer_info .headingicon{font-size:20px;line-height:16px;text-transform:none}.footer_info p{font-size:15px;line-height:24px;color:#000}@media(max-width:1024px){.temp__container.footer_info{padding-bottom:15px}.footer_info p{line-height:28px}} India TodayAaj TakIndia Today HindiNewsTakGNTTVLallantopBusiness TodayBanglaMalayalamNortheastBT BazaarHarper's BazaarSports TakAstro TakGamingBrides TodayCosmopolitanKisan TakReader’s DigestIndia TodayAaj TakIndia Today HindiNewsTakGNTTVLallantopBusiness TodayBanglaMalayalamNortheastMagazineLive TVSearchSEARCHSIGN INEdition ININUSHome TVLive TVPrimetimeMagazineLatest EditionInsightBest CollegesIndia Today HindiJobsIndiaBusinessAll Business NewsShare MarketIPOPersonal FinanceCompaniesLife+StylePuzzlesSouthGlobal SportsAll SportsCricketLive ScoreFootballTechnologyShowbuzzEntertainmentMoviesBollywoodHollywoodTelevisionOTTLatest ReviewsMo SpecialsPodcastsSunday SpecialHistory of ItDIUOpinionVideosShort VideosFact CheckInfluencer Hub Other NewsEducationIt's ViralScienceHealthAutoLaw TodayEnvironmentCitiesWeatherHoroscopesDownload AppFollow Us On: .adarrow__button{display:none} @media (max-width: 767px) { .containermulti { position: relative; margin:5px auto; width: 302px; height: 280px; text-align: center; border: 1px solid #ccc; } .mySlides { display: none; } .ad-slot { width: 300px; height: 250px; margin: auto; } .prev, .next { cursor: pointer; position: absolute; top: 50%; padding: 10px; color: #fff; font-size: 18px; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6); user-select: none; transform: translateY(-50%); } .prev { left: 0; } .next { right: 0; } .prev:hover, .next:hover { background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); }.pagination { position: absolute; bottom: 5px; width: 100%; text-align: center; } .dot { cursor: pointer; height: 8px; width: 8px; margin: 0 4px; background-color: #bbb; border-radius: 50%; display: inline-block; transition: background-color 0.3s ease; } .dot.active { background-color: #000; } .adarrow__button{display:block} }.read-more-content:not(:has(.appendReadmoreContent)) .readmoreAction ~ *:not(.new_ad_code) { display: none !important; }.description:not(:has(.appendReadmoreContent)){overflow:hidden;}.description:not(:has(.appendReadmoreContent)) .new_ad_code{ z-index: -10; position: relative; min-height:0; height:0px;}.description:not(:has(.appendReadmoreContent)) .new_ad_code:has(.vdo_floating){ z-index: inherit;}.description:not(:has(.appendReadmoreContent)) ~ .shrcommnt,.description:not(:has(.appendReadmoreContent)) ~ .factcheck__widget,.description:not(:has(.appendReadmoreContent)) ~ .strtags{ display:none;}.readmoreAction.appendReadmoreContent{ display:none;} .description:not(:has(.appendReadmoreContent)) .story-text-overlay{position: absolute; height: 160px; bottom: 0; top: auto; background: linear-gradient( to bottom, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1) 0%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) 90% ); pointer-events: none; z-index: 2;}.story__content__body.story__content__body .description .readmorewrap + p{ display:block; max-height:175px; overflow:hidden} .description:has(.appendReadmoreContent) .story-text-overlay{display:none;}.readmoreAction { position: relative; margin: 0 auto 0 auto; display: flex; align-items:center;column-gap:10px; background:#cd2027; color: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #cd2027; bottom: 1rem; font-size: 16px; font-weight:500; border-radius: 10px; font-family: inherit; position: relative; padding:15px 20px; margin-top: 30px;cursor: pointer; }.readmoreAction svg{position: relative;top: 2px;} .newsltter-iframe-new { height: 268px; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .newsltter-iframe-new { height: 330px; } } .us_1bigImg_3line{border: 1px solid #E2E2E2; margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 20px; border-radius: 10px; padding: 15px 20px 34px 20px; box-shadow:0px 3px 6px #00000029 } .us_1bigImg_3line_heading{margin-bottom: 10px; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; min-height: 25px; } .us_1bigImg_3line_heading h2 {font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1; text-transform: uppercase; padding-left: 17px; background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='12' height='11' viewBox='0 0 12 11'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23e3001b' d='M344.974,430.608a16.732,16.732,0,0,1,10.71-2.439.261.261,0,0,1,.233.26c.115,4.944-2.28,8.018-5,10.481-.094.075-.262.224-.43.035l-6.516-7.4a.213.213,0,0,1,.047-.318c.113-.093.956-.617.956-.616' transform='translate(-343.921 -428.037)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: 0; } .us_1bigImg_3line_body{display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -ms-flex-wrap: wrap; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0 0; column-gap: 18px;} .us_1bigImg_3line_ls{width: 100%; min-height: 1px; padding: 0; -webkit-box-flex: 0; -ms-flex: 0 0 320px; flex: 0 0 320px; max-width: 320px;} .us_1bigImg{width: 100%; height: auto; border-radius: 5px; overflow: hidden; margin-bottom: 10px;} .us_1bigImg img{width: 100%; height: auto; display: block;} .us_1bigImg_3line_ls h2{ font-size: 20px; line-height: 24px; font-weight: 500; position: relative;} .us_1bigImg_3line_ls h2::after {content: '>'; position: absolute; bottom: 0px; padding-left: 10px; } .us_1bigImg_3line_ls h2 a {text-decoration: none; } .us_1bigImg_3line_rs{width: 100%; min-height: 1px; padding: 0; -webkit-box-flex: 0; -ms-flex: 0 0 calc(100% - 338px); flex: 0 0 calc(100% - 338px); max-width: calc(100% - 338px);} .us_1bigImg_3line_rs ul{ margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none;} .us_1bigImg_3line_rs ul li{width: 100%; height: auto; padding-bottom: 13px; margin-bottom: 13px; border-bottom: 1px dotted #C4C4C4; position: relative; padding-right: 15px;} .us_1bigImg_3line_rs ul li a::after {content: '>'; position: absolute; padding-left: 10px; top: 33%; right: -10px; transform: translate(-50%, -50%);} .us_1bigImg_3line_rs ul li:nth-last-child(1){border-bottom:0px;padding-bottom:0px;} .us_1bigImg_3line_rs ul li a{font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; text-decoration: none;} @media (max-width: 767px){.container {width: 100%;} .us_1bigImg_3line {padding: 15px 10px 10px 10px;} .us_1bigImg {display: none;} .us_1bigImg_3line_rs ul li a {font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px;} .us_1bigImg_3line_ls h2 {font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; padding-right: 15px; font-weight: normal; } .us_1bigImg_3line_body {column-gap: 0px; } .us_1bigImg_3line_ls {-ms-flex: 0 0 100%; flex: 0 0 100%; max-width: 100%; padding-bottom: 13px; margin-bottom: 13px; border-bottom: 1px dotted #C4C4C4; } .us_1bigImg_3line_rs {-ms-flex: 0 0 100%; flex: 0 0 100%; max-width: 100%; } .us_1bigImg_3line_ls h2::after {right: 0px; top: 50%; right: -10px; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); font-size: 16px;}}NewsTechnologyNewsAs RAM crisis deepens, MIT engineers build working computer circuits using bacteriaAs RAM crisis deepens, MIT engineers build working computer circuits using bacteria MIT engineers have built working circuits using bacteria instead of silicon. These bacterial circuits can perform logic operations and calculations. The technology could one day help plants detect and respond to threats like drought or disease on their own.#ttsaudio_ttsMed{width:auto!important; height:auto!important;} .newtss_whtapp #adbanner{ display: none!important;}.newtss_whtapp{background-color: var(--whitebg);z-index:992;margin-left:-19px;margin-right:-19px;padding:0 20px; position:sticky; top:30px;}.searchopen .newtss_whtapp{z-index:9;}.newtss_whtapp .container{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack: justify;-ms-flex-pack: justify;justify-content: space-between;padding:10px 0;-webkit-transition: 0.3s all ease-out;-o-transition: 0.3s all ease-out;transition: 0.3s all ease-out;}.newtss_whtapp .container .ttsnew{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;font-size: 13px;font-weight: 500;line-height: 1;-webkit-box-align: center;-ms-flex-align: center;align-items: center;}.newtss_whtapp .container .ttsnew .newdefaulticon{width:24px;height:24px;display:inline-block;margin-right:5px;}.newtss_whtapp .container .whtspp_share{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-align: center;-ms-flex-align: center;align-items: center;font-size: 13px;font-weight: 500;line-height: 1; justify-content: flex-end;} .newtss_whtapp .container .whtspp_share a{ display:flex;align-items: center }.newtss_whtapp .container .whtspp_share svg {margin-right:5px;-webkit-transition: 0.3s all ease-out;-o-transition: 0.3s all ease-out;transition: 0.3s all ease-out;}.newtss_whtapp.is-sticky{-webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 5px #b5b1b1;box-shadow: 0 0 5px #b5b1b1;position: sticky;top: 0px;left: 0;}@media (max-width:825px){.newtss_whtapp{margin-left:-10px;margin-right:-10px;padding:0 10px;}}#ttsaudio_playbtn{-webkit-transition: 0.3s all ease-out;-o-transition: 0.3s all ease-out;transition: 0.3s all ease-out;} .ttsaudio_wrapper_default #default_status{white-space: nowrap;} .newtss_whtapp .container > div{ flex-basis:50%} .livetv__sticky{display: flex;align-items: center;} .livetv__sticky a{position: relative; font-size: 13px;font-weight: 500;line-height: 1; padding-left:13px;} .livetv__sticky a:before {content: "";position: absolute;top: 50%;left:0px;display: block;-webkit-transform: translateY(-50%);-moz-transform: translateY(-50%);-ms-transform: translateY(-50%);-o-transform: translateY(-50%);transform: translateY(-50%);width: 7px;height: 7px;-webkit-border-radius: 50%-moz-border-radius: 50%;border-radius: 50%;background: #c00;-webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(204,0,0,.7);-moz-box-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(204,0,0,.7);box-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(204,0,0,.7);-webkit-animation: pulse 2s infinite;-moz-animation: pulse 2s infinite;-o-animation: pulse 2s infinite;animation: pulse 2s infinite;} @media (max-width:700px){ .newtss_whtapp #ttsaudio_playbtn, .newtss_whtapp .defaulticon{ width:24px; height:24px;-webkit-transition: 0.3s all ease-out;-o-transition: 0.3s all ease-out;transition: 0.3s all ease-out;}.newtss_whtapp #ttsaudio_playbtn, .newtss_whtapp .defaulticon svg{width:24px; height:24px;-webkit-transition: 0.3s all ease-out;-o-transition: 0.3s all ease-out;transition: 0.3s all ease-out; } .newtss_whtapp .whtspp_share .whtsppicon svg{ width:24px; height:24px; -webkit-transition: 0.3s all ease-out; -o-transition: 0.3s all ease-out; transition: 0.3s all ease-out;}.newtss_whtapp .container{ padding:5px 0;-webkit-transition: 0.3s all ease-out;-o-transition: 0.3s all ease-out;transition: 0.3s all ease-out;} } Live TVShareAdvertisement.pagenode__2684512 #comment_box{display:none}.section__education .description.paywall .elec_stripe_iFrame {display: none;}.dark-mode .livetv__sticky svg path{stroke: #fff;} .dark-mode .livetv__sticky svg text{fill:#fff}.tbl-read-more-box {z-index:991 !important}.airtel_5g{width:0px !important;height:0px !important;}table .shopping__widget {display:none}table .inline_ad2 {display: none;}.trinity__container{display: none;} .autiostory a{display: none !important}.description table{max-width:100%;border: 0;margin-bottom: var(--widgetgap);} table tr td #teads-ad{display:none}table tr td .ads__container{display:none}ul>li div#shoppingWidgetLSH{display:none}ul>li div#shoppingWidget_mobile{display:none}.Story_story__content__body__qCd5E .Story_description__fq_4S>ul>li:has(.inline-story-add) div { display: none; }.pagetype__story ul li #checktheseout2{display: none}.newspress_rhs_widget .mframe { background: url(https://akm-img-a-in.tosshub.com/sites/misc/img/iphone-frame.png); }.ads_container .top_ad>* * { text-align: center; margin: 0 auto; }.ite_mg_banner:nth-of-type(2) { display: none; } .pagenode__2672529 .inline_ad2{display:none}MIT researchers built working circuits using bacteria instead of silicon chips.Kazi NasirNew Delhi,UPDATED: Aug 25, 2026 12:57 ISTInstead of putting circuits inside a computer, MIT researchers have figured out something interesting – how to make bacteria behave like tiny transistors and then wire those micros together to create something that works like a living computer. Sounds like since fiction? In the future, this could allow plants to detect environmental conditions such as drought or attack by pests. MIT revealed the research in a blog post on MIT News, explaining that the team created two types of bacterial transistors along with three bacterial strains that work as relays. Together, these five strains can be connected in different ways to build increasingly complex biological circuits.advertisement❮❯ Read Full StoryBacteria that work like tiny transistorsIf the word ‘transistor’ sounds too technical, think of it as a tiny switch. In an electronic device, a transistor controls the flow of electricity. MIT's biological version does something similar, except the bacteria control the movement of molecules that carry signals from one part of the circuit to another. The researchers used a bacterium called Pantoea agglomerans, which commonly grows on surfaces, including plants. They engineered these bacteria so that certain molecules could switch their transistor-like behaviour on or off. The bacteria can detect another molecule and, depending on whether the switch is active, produce an output molecule. That output can then be picked up by another bacterial colony. The researchers created three additional strains that act like relays, translating one molecular signal into another that can be understood by the next transistor. In other words, the team can effectively “wire” bacterial colonies together without using traditional wires. The researchers printed the bacterial colonies onto agar plates, placing each colony about 5 millimetres from the next one. This arrangement allows signals to move from one colony to another in a controlled direction, creating a biological circuit board. A living computer that could one day live on plants The team didn't stop at making bacteria switch things on and off. They used the bacterial transistors to build circuits capable of performing different logic operations and even more complicated calculations. The largest circuit demonstrated in the study contained 24 bacterial colonies and was able to add two inputs together. The researchers also created circuits that could process multiple inputs and route one signal to different destinations. And here's the line that makes the whole experiment sound slightly wild: MIT says that, from a computational perspective, there is nothing an iPhone can do that these circuits couldn't theoretically do. There's an important catch, though. These bacterial circuits are not about to replace your iPhone. A conventional computer can perform calculations almost instantly, while the biological circuits take around eight hours for one calculation. As Christopher Voigt, head of MIT’s Department of Biological Engineering, puts it, “We’re not trying to replace computers, but rather put computational control into biology. If you have bacteria on the root of a plant, or the plant itself is doing the computing, running a simple calculation overnight is fast enough relative to a growth season.” So, the idea isn't really “bacteria will become computers.” It is more interesting than that: computers could eventually become part of living biology.- EndsPublished By: Kazi NasirPublished On: Aug 25, 2026 12:57 ISTAlso Read | Applying at Anthropic? Be ready for this question and no, it is not technicalAlso Read | China building robot world as they start doing home chores, playing sports in tournaments: Watch hereAlso Read | Apple hosts farewell party for Tim Cook as he prepares to step down as CEO Also WatchPregnancy, abortion, alleged cruelty: What happened during Twisha's final days?Health 360: Maharashtra FDA cracks down on surrogate ads, unhealthy dining risksMQ-9 SeaGuardian Lease aircraft system sparks cheap drones vs HALE UAVs debateAdvertisement.ad_300_100 .adtext{display:none;}Read ThisAs RAM crisis deepens, MIT engineers build working computer circuits using bacteriaTN Assembly seeks permanent exam exemption for teachers appointed before 2010Protesting students in Patna break barricades, close in on CM's residenceAdvertisement window.addEventListener("message", function (event) { if (event.data?.type === "sharelink" && event.data.shareurl) { console.log("Received sharing links and details", event.data.shareurl); window.open(event.data.shareurl, "_blank"); } }); if (itViewPort === 'mobile') { window.googletag = window.googletag || { cmd: [] }; /* ----------------------------- PAGE LOAD AD (ONLY ONCE) ------------------------------ */ googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.defineSlot( '/1007232/IT_ROS_Mobile_MTF_1_300x250', [300, 250], 'div-gpt-ad-1' ).addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.enableServices(); }); /* ----------------------------- LAZY SLIDE ADS (DEFINE ONCE) ------------------------------ */ const lazyDefinedSlots = {}; const gptSlots = {}; function defineLazySlideAds(divId) { if (lazyDefinedSlots[divId]) return; lazyDefinedSlots[divId] = true; console.log('Defining slot:', divId); googletag.cmd.push(function () { if (divId === 'div-gpt-ad-2') { gptSlots[divId] = googletag.defineSlot( '/1007232/IT_ROS_Mobile_MTF_1_300x250_Carousal-1', [300, 250], divId ).addService(googletag.pubads()); } if (divId === 'div-gpt-ad-3') { gptSlots[divId] = googletag.defineSlot( '/1007232/IT_ROS_Mobile_MTF_1_300x250_Carousal-2', [300, 250], divId ).addService(googletag.pubads()); } if (gptSlots[divId]) { googletag.display(divId); googletag.pubads().refresh([gptSlots[divId]]); console.log("GPT refreshed:", divId); } }); } /* ----------------------------- SLIDER LOGIC ------------------------------ */ let slideIndex = 1; let autoInterval = null; document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function () { showSlides(slideIndex); startAutoSlide(); }); function plusSlides(n) { showSlides(slideIndex += n); } function showSlides(n) { const slides = document.getElementsByClassName("mySlides"); const dots = document.getElementsByClassName("dot"); if (!slides.length) return; if (n > slides.length) slideIndex = 1; if (n < 1) slideIndex = slides.length; for (let i = 0; i < slides.length; i++) { slides[i].style.display = "none"; } for (let i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) { dots[i].classList.remove("active"); } const activeSlide = slides[slideIndex - 1]; activeSlide.style.display = "block"; dots[slideIndex - 1].classList.add("active"); // wait for layout paint setTimeout(() => { const adDiv = activeSlide.querySelector("div[id^='div-gpt']"); if (adDiv) observeAd(adDiv); }, 200); } function currentSlide(n) { showSlides(slideIndex = n); } function startAutoSlide() { autoInterval = setInterval(() => { plusSlides(1); }, 5000); } /* ----------------------------- INTERSECTION OBSERVER ------------------------------ */ const observer = new IntersectionObserver(entries => { entries.forEach(entry => { if (!entry.isIntersecting) return; const adDiv = entry.target; const rect = adDiv.getBoundingClientRect(); // prevent zero-size request if (rect.width === 0 || rect.height === 0) return; if (!adDiv.dataset.loaded) { adDiv.dataset.loaded = "true"; console.log(adDiv.id,'adDiv'); defineLazySlideAds(adDiv.id); /* googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display(adDiv.id); console.log("GPT request fired:", adDiv.id); });*/ } observer.unobserve(adDiv); }); }, { threshold: 0.6 }); function observeAd(adDiv) { if (!adDiv.dataset.loaded) { observer.observe(adDiv); } } } .pagenode__2851824 .row,.pagenode__2851835 .row{ margin:0 10px} @media (max-width: 1024px) { .wc_container .main_banner_wrapper .banner_pText { position: relative; text-indent: 0px; } } .wc_container .main_banner_wrapper table tr th:first-child { padding-left: 0px; } @media (max-width:1024px){ .temp__container { padding: 0px; } } .subscribe__btn{cursor: pointer;} .section__technology .SecondaryNavigation_section__secondary__nav__DR7Ua{ background-image: var(--catbrandcolor, #c00);} .pagetype__elections .lhs__section .custom__htmlwidget.ads__container + .custom__htmlwidget.ads__container{ display: none} .description-wrapper ul { list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-left: 30px; } .description-wrapper ul li { font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; color: #fff; margin-bottom: 10px; position: relative; } .description-wrapper ul li::before { content: ''; position: absolute; top: 8px; left: -20px; width: 8px; height: 8px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #fff; } .capsulelink .FeatureQuickLink_swiper__wrap__6gy6f{width:100% !important} body.searchopen .stickyad {z-index: 9;} .NewsList_newssection__mTDE8 .NewsList_newslist__1Bh2x.NewsList_us__headlinelist__lYl07 ul li a .NewsList_imgcont__rBfoB img{width: 100%;} .taboola__container:has(#taboola-right-rail-thumbnails:empty) h3{display:none} .taboola__container:has(#taboola-right-rail-thumbnails:empty){min-height:0px ;} .ground_zero .story_widget .big_storycard img { object-fit: contain !important; } @media (max-width:1024px){ .LiveBlog_liveblog__body__GOT0F .LiveBlog_blogmos__UcOVK img{height:auto} } .nav__isopen .navigation { width: 100%; height: 100%; } .LiveBlog_liveblog__body__GOT0F .LiveBlog_blog__author__info__LjRUK.LiveBlog_readmore__kuDgx>div p { padding-bottom: 0px;} .videotype .article__type .typedata{width: 62px;} .searchopen .Livetv_livetv__section__JsHPn.Livetv_widgetstyle__wrap__fk5JN{z-index:2} .pagetype__home_page .state_selction #state,.pagetype__elec_polling .state_selction #state, .pagenode__1939043 .state_selction #state, .pagenode__1938661 .state_selction #state {width:102px;} @media (max-width: 600px) { .pagetype__home_page .state_selction #state,.pagetype__elec_polling .state_selction #state, .pagenode__1939043 .state_selction #state, .pagenode__1938661 .state_selction #state { width: 100%; max-width: 100%; } } @media (max-width:1024px){ .short_info_txt{padding: 0 10px; line-height: 1.3; } } .LiveBlog_liveblog__body__GOT0F .LiveBlog_otherdetails__zUJeK .LiveBlog_container__BgsQx ul li, .LiveBlog_liveblog__body__GOT0F .LiveBlog_otherdetails__zUJeK .LiveBlog_container__BgsQx ul ol{ font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px; padding-bottom: 5px; } .LiveBlog_liveblog__body__GOT0F .LiveBlog_otherdetails__zUJeK .LiveBlog_container__BgsQx ul { margin: 0; padding: 0 20px; } .rhs__ad.widgetgap.sticky__ad{display:block !important;} .GroupSearch_language__row___BTbZ{flex-wrap: wrap;grid-gap: 5px 0px;} .big__story__widget .story__content .headlines>h2>b.budget_calc a span { border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid #FFF; background: #D71920; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; padding: 2px 10px; font-weight: 500; position: relative; top: -2px; margin-left: 10px; } .big__story__widget .story__content .headlines>h2>b.budget_calc a { color: #FCAF2D; font-weight: 500; } @media (max-width:767px){ .budget_calc{position: relative; display: block; padding-right: 140px;} .big__story__widget .story__content .headlines>h2>b.budget_calc a span{ position: absolute; width: 122px; right: 0; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); height: 25px; line-height: 20px; } } .pagenode__2586260 .Conclave_event__speakerslist__dUDGM .Conclave_card__speaker__9UZNL { pointer-events: none; } .section__elections .textconst.constituency_description .showLess p:not(:first-child){ display:none} @media (max-width:860px) and (min-width:800px){ .pagetype__live_blog .table-header, .pagetype__live_blog .table-row{column-gap:5%;-moz-column-gap:5%} } .promo-wrap{display:none;} .sectionId__1206578 .CarouselShortVideo_carouselimg__widget__AHC3J{display:none} .sectionId__2631458 .taboola__container{display:none} .sectionId__1206666 .bestcolleges-banner{display:none} body:not(:has(.pagetype__home_page)) .CarouselShortVideo_carouselimg__widget__AHC3J{ display: none;} @media (max-width: 767px) { .container.stickyad .top__ad { min-height: 50px !important; height: 50px !important; overflow: hidden; } } .pagenode__2713437 #comment_box{display:none} .description .stpolliframe,.description .stquiziframe{margin-bottom:var(--widgetgap)} .description .stpolliframe{height:465px}.description .stquiziframe{height:390px} @media (min-width:680px){.description .stpolliframe{height:415px}.description .stquiziframe{height:400px}} body:has(.cmt-module-open) .stickyad,body:has(.cmt-module-open) .footernav{z-index: 9;} body:has(.cmt-module-open) .recommended__widget{z-index:1} .ads__container + h4:has(.bold_text){ display:none}   document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { const observer = new MutationObserver((mutations) => { mutations.forEach((mutation) => { const elements = document.querySelectorAll('.sectionId__.pagenode__0.pagetype__undefined'); if (elements.length > 0) { elements.forEach((element) => { const childDivs = element.querySelectorAll('article'); childDivs.forEach((div) => { div.classList.remove('Bcard'); }); }); } }); }); observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true }); }); var rosURL = new URL(window.location.href); if(rosURL.pathname=='/'){ console.log(rosURL,'rosURL'); const slidertranding = document.querySelector("[data-slider]"); const track = slidertranding.querySelector("[data-slider-track]"); const prev = slidertranding.querySelector("[data-slider-prev]"); const next = slidertranding.querySelector("[data-slider-next]"); if (track) { prev.addEventListener("click", () => { next.removeAttribute("disabled"); track.scrollTo({ left: track.scrollLeft - track.firstElementChild.offsetWidth, behavior: "smooth" }); }); next.addEventListener("click", () => { prev.removeAttribute("disabled"); track.scrollTo({ left: track.scrollLeft + track.firstElementChild.offsetWidth, behavior: "smooth" }); }); track.addEventListener("scroll", () => { const trackScrollWidth = track.scrollWidth; const trackOuterWidth = track.clientWidth; prev.removeAttribute("disabled"); next.removeAttribute("disabled"); if (track.scrollLeft { if (link.textContent.includes("India Today Hindi")) { link.setAttribute("target", "_blank"); link.setAttribute("rel", "noopener noreferrer"); } }); Latest News Headlines Tamil Nadu Assembly seeks permanent exam exemption for teachers appointed before 2010 | Protesting students in Patna break barricades, close in on CM's residence | Watch: Vaibhav Sooryavanshi shows off bowling prowess, strikes twice in Duleep Trophy | BJP-Akali Alliance Final Phase, Big Brother Role for BJP Ahead of Punjab Polls | TVS iQube MillionR special edition launched to mark one-million customer milestone | Bengaluru woman’s ‘datura as Swiggy freebie’ video resurfaces amid FDA crackdown | A deal, a breakdown, then 50% tariffs: Trump’s trade war with Canada explained | Supreme Court Issues Notice To Rebel Trinamool Congress MPs Over Disqualification Plea | MG Hector Tomahawk to debut tomorrow: Price, range, battery, features and more | Love during recruitment, wedding plans now stalled: Heartbreak for 2 women cops | Lollapalooza India returns to Mumbai in January. Here's all you need to know | Karnataka Suspends Food Licenses Of Amazon, Swiggy, Big Basket Over Datura Sale | FSSAI wanted colour-coded warnings on chips and soda. Big Food fought back | Retail Onion Prices Touch ₹70/Kg; Congress Hits Out At Centre, Govt Releases Buffer Stock | Apple hosts farewell party for Tim Cook as he prepares to step down as CEO